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1986 John Deere 430 Garden Tractor Won't Turn Over Sometimes

15K views 16 replies 6 participants last post by  69project  
#1 · (Edited)
Hello Folks, I have a JD 430 Garden tractor 1986 model. Sometimes when I turn the switch key to start it will turn over and crank real quick. But sometimes when I go out to crank it, I turn the key to start and it won't turn over. All the dash lights come on and I hear a clicking sound but the starter won't turn. Does anyone have an idea of what is causing this? I know there is seat switch and a brake switch and a switch back in there at the neutral shift position. Sometimes I play around with the forward and reverse lever on the dash and the brake pedal and even jump around on the seat for 30 minutes and sometimes it will crank but most of the time it won't. I was thinking about changing all those safety switches out. The diesel machine runs great once it does turn over and crank. Any ideas? Much Obliged. JdubyaM
 
#3 ·
JdubyaM,

The issue could be the key switch itself, the neutral start relay, or any of the safety switches you mentioned.

Here is the wiring in that area...making voltage measurements will help you narrow down to the root cause.
View attachment 33952

Chuck
Thanks Chuck! Even I can read this schematic. Most are too complex for me.
Much Obliged!
 
#4 ·
I had a 420 that acted like that a couple of times over the 23 years I owned it. Each time I replaced the ignition switch and it took care of the problem. There's also a microswitch that senses the neutral position. I believe it has a slight amount of adjustment to set the preload. Make sure the neutral switch is properly adjusted and test it with a multimeter. If it's OK replace the ignition switch. It's a fairly inexpensive part.
 
#5 ·
Thanks!



Sounds good too Superglidesport! I will definitely focus on those 2 suspects. I may replace both of them if they are not that expensive. Why... I am an older feller and don't have the extra time left to piddle with this and piddle with that. I love the tractor and I don't mind putting some new parts on it to avoid aggravation.

All the Best!
JdubyaM
North Georgia
 
#10 ·
Some meters will also have a small speaker on one of the resistance settings. If you set the meter to that it'll make a buzzing sound when continuity is detected.. Very handy as you don't have to look away from where you are holding your leads. Mine is a Dot with 4 curved lines getting bigger the further away from the dot. Sort of like a sound wave or speaker I assume. If you touch the leads together you'll hear the noise and know what to listen for.

-636
 
#13 ·
Thanks!

Here is the adjustment for the neutral switch from the TM1590 for the 318 -- your 430 should be quite similar...
View attachment 33981

Chuck
Thanks for your help Chuck!
I should be able to troubleshoot that switch. I peeked under the dashplate at that switch and it looks very simple. Now the Key Switch is a different story. It has a lot of wires going to it looks like 6 or eight. Not sure if I have the tech prowess to put the meter on that thing. Perhaps, I can do like most sub par mechanics and just change the part out and hope for the best. Ha Ha.

Hydraulic Fluid:
One other thing on a different subject. My Hydrostatic fluid is low according to the peep glass at the rear of the tractor but the filler tube beside the battery is full and won't take anymore fluid. Got any idea on this one?
Thanks,
JdubyaM
 
#14 ·
Hydro fluid will only flow down into the transmission/pump if the vent is working. You may not recognize the vent, as it looks like a small plastic barbed fitting at the top of the sight glass tube where it goes back into the housing. It is part number M42125 and should have a very small hole drilled in it, but you can take the hose clamp off and speed the filling...

Chuck
 
#17 ·
Have you ruled out the battery and it's connections. My 400 will do that sometimes and it always comes back to either a loose battery connection or in one case the battery its self was dead.